Noun – Person, Place, Animal, Thing, Idea

Pronoun – Noun

Verb – Action (Being)

Adjective – Noun or Pronoun (what – how – which)

Adverb – Verb, Adjective, Adverb

Preposition (relation ship – time – direction – location)

Conjunction – glue

Interjection – special

Nouns

words that names a person, animal, place, thing, or idea

Example: Mizz Violet is a Vizsla – dog.

The nouns in the sentence are:

Mizz Violet
Vizsla
dog

Pronouns

words that take the place of a noun

Example: Did you see her in that new bio-hack training vest?

The pronouns in the sentence are:

you – Refers to the person being addressed.
her – Refers to a female person or subject being talked about.

Verbs

words that show action or (being) (to be)

Example: Every day Violet and Howard take a walk in the forest.

The verbs in the sentence are:

take – The main action performed by Violet and Howard.
walk – It functions as a verb describing the action they do in the forest.
(Note: In this sentence, “walk” is part of the action, not used as a noun.)

Adjectives

words that describe or modify a noun or pronoun (what kind – how many – which one)

Example: Mizz Violet is a female dog with a reddish brown color coat.

The adjectives in the sentence are:

female – Describes the noun “dog.”
reddish – Describes the noun “coat.”
brown – Describes the noun “coat.”
color – Describes the noun “coat.”

Other examples include: lumpy, soft, ugly, messy, and short

Adverbs

words that describe or modify (1) verbs (2) adjectives (3) adverbs (how – when – where)

Example: Howard carefully examined Mizz Violet’s teeth for any tartar buildup.

The adverb in the sentence is:

carefully – It modifies the verb “examined,” describing how Howard examined Mizz Violet’s teeth.

Other examples include: modestly, stupidly, and greedily. They usually end in “ly.”

Prepositions

words that show the relationship between one word in a sentence to another word (location – direction – time – relationship)

Example: The book “The adventures of Mizz Violet” was carefully written by Howard W. Darko in 2025.

The prepositions in the sentence are:

of – “The adventures of Mizz Violet”
by – “written by Howard W. Darko”
in – “in 2025”

Conjunctions

words that join other words or parts of a sentence together (glue)

Example: Violet had planned on taking Howard running but a rain storm delayed her plans.

The conjunction in the sentence is:

but – It connects the two clauses, showing contrast between Violet’s plan and the rainstorm’s effect.

Interjections

special words used to show strong feelings or emotions

Example: Gee Whiz! Your a beautiful dog, Violet.

The interjection in the sentence is:

Gee Whiz! – This is an exclamation used to express surprise, admiration, or excitement.

Punctuation

apostrophe ‘ – it’s p84

“quotation marks” – “” p93

ellipsis… – … p89

parentheses – () p91

comma , – , pause p85

period. – . complete stop p92

question mark – ? p9

exclamation mark – ! complete stop p89

dash – – short stop p88

colon – : complete stop p 84

semicolon – ; join independent clauses of a compound sentence | short stop p95

hyphen – – used to hive information or add extra emphasis (dash) p90

Category: languages

Writing 101

Eight Parts of Speech